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The Maldives’ primary deficit still remains high
The Maldives’ primary deficit has increased since 2020, raising concerns about the country’s debt sustainability. This contrasts with Sri Lanka, where the primary deficit also increased but recovered, following its suspension of debt repayments, along with a fiscal consolidation program. A primary deficit—or negative primary balance—occurs when government revenue is insufficient to cover non-interest expenditure. All deficits are funded through borrowing, which can contribute to long-term fiscal risks. Before 2020, the Maldives’ primary balance was already in deficit, ranging from 1%–5%. In 2020, it climbed above 20% due to the sharp decline in revenue and economic activity caused by the COVID-19 lockdowns. Although the tourism-dependent economy has begun to recover, the primary deficit remains high—around 10%—as spending continues to outpace revenue. Sri Lanka also faced an increased primary deficit in 2020 and 2021, driven partly by the pandemic but largely due to misguided fiscal policies. This led to the country’s worst debt crisis and a default on external debt. Sri Lanka has since shown signs of recovery, achieving a positive primary surplus in 2023 and 2024 with support from an IMF program focused on fiscal consolidation and revenue enhancement. Moving forward, it is important for the Maldives to identify and address its fiscal challenges, such as the higher primary deficit, promptly, to avoid a crisis similar to Sri Lanka. Previous analysis has highlighted that the country’s reserves are on a declining trajectory similar to Sri Lanka and could be depleted within the next two years unless decisive corrective measures are implemented.
Featured Insight
The Maldives’ primary deficit still remains high
The Maldives’ primary deficit has increased since 2020, raising concerns about the country’s debt sustainability. This contrasts with Sri Lanka, where the primary deficit also increased but recovered, following its suspension of debt repayments, along with a fiscal consolidation program. A primary deficit—or negative primary balance—occurs when government revenue is insufficient to cover non-interest expenditure. All deficits are funded through borrowing, which can contribute to long-term fiscal risks. Before 2020, the Maldives’ primary balance was already in deficit, ranging from 1%–5%. In 2020, it climbed above 20% due to the sharp decline in revenue and economic activity caused by the COVID-19 lockdowns. Although the tourism-dependent economy has begun to recover, the primary deficit remains high—around 10%—as spending continues to outpace revenue. Sri Lanka also faced an increased primary deficit in 2020 and 2021, driven partly by the pandemic but largely due to misguided fiscal policies. This led to the country’s worst debt crisis and a default on external debt. Sri Lanka has since shown signs of recovery, achieving a positive primary surplus in 2023 and 2024 with support from an IMF program focused on fiscal consolidation and revenue enhancement. Moving forward, it is important for the Maldives to identify and address its fiscal challenges, such as the higher primary deficit, promptly, to avoid a crisis similar to Sri Lanka. Previous analysis has highlighted that the country’s reserves are on a declining trajectory similar to Sri Lanka and could be depleted within the next two years unless decisive corrective measures are implemented.
Featured Insight
The Maldives’ primary deficit still remains high
The Maldives’ primary deficit has increased since 2020, raising concerns about the country’s debt sustainability. This contrasts with Sri Lanka, where the primary deficit also increased but recovered, following its suspension of debt repayments, along with a fiscal consolidation program. A primary deficit—or negative primary balance—occurs when government revenue is insufficient to cover non-interest expenditure. All deficits are funded through borrowing, which can contribute to long-term fiscal risks. Before 2020, the Maldives’ primary balance was already in deficit, ranging from 1%–5%. In 2020, it climbed above 20% due to the sharp decline in revenue and economic activity caused by the COVID-19 lockdowns. Although the tourism-dependent economy has begun to recover, the primary deficit remains high—around 10%—as spending continues to outpace revenue. Sri Lanka also faced an increased primary deficit in 2020 and 2021, driven partly by the pandemic but largely due to misguided fiscal policies. This led to the country’s worst debt crisis and a default on external debt. Sri Lanka has since shown signs of recovery, achieving a positive primary surplus in 2023 and 2024 with support from an IMF program focused on fiscal consolidation and revenue enhancement. Moving forward, it is important for the Maldives to identify and address its fiscal challenges, such as the higher primary deficit, promptly, to avoid a crisis similar to Sri Lanka. Previous analysis has highlighted that the country’s reserves are on a declining trajectory similar to Sri Lanka and could be depleted within the next two years unless decisive corrective measures are implemented.
Featured Insight
The Maldives’ primary deficit still remains high
The Maldives’ primary deficit has increased since 2020, raising concerns about the country’s debt sustainability. This contrasts with Sri Lanka, where the primary deficit also increased but recovered, following its suspension of debt repayments, along with a fiscal consolidation program. A primary deficit—or negative primary balance—occurs when government revenue is insufficient to cover non-interest expenditure. All deficits are funded through borrowing, which can contribute to long-term fiscal risks. Before 2020, the Maldives’ primary balance was already in deficit, ranging from 1%–5%. In 2020, it climbed above 20% due to the sharp decline in revenue and economic activity caused by the COVID-19 lockdowns. Although the tourism-dependent economy has begun to recover, the primary deficit remains high—around 10%—as spending continues to outpace revenue. Sri Lanka also faced an increased primary deficit in 2020 and 2021, driven partly by the pandemic but largely due to misguided fiscal policies. This led to the country’s worst debt crisis and a default on external debt. Sri Lanka has since shown signs of recovery, achieving a positive primary surplus in 2023 and 2024 with support from an IMF program focused on fiscal consolidation and revenue enhancement. Moving forward, it is important for the Maldives to identify and address its fiscal challenges, such as the higher primary deficit, promptly, to avoid a crisis similar to Sri Lanka. Previous analysis has highlighted that the country’s reserves are on a declining trajectory similar to Sri Lanka and could be depleted within the next two years unless decisive corrective measures are implemented.
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பட்ஜெட் 2021
பட்ஜெட் 2021
2021ம் ஆண்டு வரவு-செலவுத் திட்டம் மீதான விரிவான ஆய்வு.
பி.எஃப். வயரில் இணைப்பிலிருந்து
Source:
Daily Mirror
Governement to borrow additional LKR 400 Bn for de...
The Cabinet of Ministers cleared a request to increase the government’s credit limit by further Rs.400 billion to Rs.3.39 trillion for 2021, under Appropriation Act No. 7 of 2020, to meet the pandemic-related additional expenditu...
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Source:
economynext
Sri Lanka budget deficit 4.7-pct of GDP up to June...
Sri Lanka’s budget deficit for the six months to June 2021 was 781 billion rupees, up 6 percent from a year earlier, or 4.7 percent of projected gross domestic product, data shows, though outstanding debt was accelerating at a faster p...
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நுண்ணறிவு பட்ஜெட் 2021
Inconsistency in Budget Numbers Across D...
In November 2020, the Government presented the Budget Speech for 2021....
Missing Estimates in Budget Speeches
The budget for the year 2021 featured a number of missing estimates fo...
Budget 2021: Trade & Industry
The Budget 2021 Debate for the Ministry of Industries & Ministry of Trade is happening today...
2021 வரவு செலவுத்திட்டம் குறித்த பொது அற...
அரசாங்க நிதி பற்றிய குழுவிற்கு (COPF) வழங...
Ministries with Largest Change in Expend...
This infographic captures the change in a...
Breakdown of Government Revenue, 2000 to...
Here is a summary of government revenu...
New Tax Proposals: 2021 Budget
Summary of 2021 Budget
Here’s a summary of government expenditure, revenue and financing allocated in the 2021 Bud...
Total Government Revenue 2021
The chart below shows the breakdown of the budgeted government reven...
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விவரணம்
The Government Has to Repay Yearly an Average of U...
The infographic shows the actual annual foreign debt service payments of GOSL (Government of Sri Lanka) from 2010 to 2020 and the projected foreign debt service payments from 2021 to 2025.
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எதிர்பார்க்கப்படும் மொத்த உள்நாட்டு உற்பத்தி முடிவ...
IMF இன் கணிப்புகளுடன் ஒப்பிடும்போது 2023ல் அதிக சுருக்கத்தையும் 2024 ல் அதிக வளர்ச்சியையும் 2024 வரவுசெலவுத் திட்டம் கணித்துள்ளது.
மேலும் வாசிக்க
VAT revenue collection: Maldives highest, Sri Lank...
Sri Lanka has the lowest tax revenue collected through Value Added Tax (VAT) in South Asia while Maldives with a lower tax rate collects nearly 5 times more through its Goods and Services Tax (GST).
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